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Lesser Sugarcane Borer Chilo agamemnon Błeszyński --
Lepidoptera: Crambidae |
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Chilo agamemnon is a species
of moth in the family Crambidae described by Stanisław
Błeszyński in 1962.
It is found in Spain, Egypt, Israel, Sudan and Uganda and may be indigenous
to the Ethiopian Region. The wingspan is
16–19 mm.
The color of the
forewings is a dull or pale yellow.
The hindwings are light gray or white. The larvae are a pest on Zea mays where they usually
attack mature cane stalks, but they also feed on young plants. The larvae pass through five to eight
instars according to temperature variations. These small larvae chew on
young leaves, enter the stems and bore tunnels that are filled with wate
materials. They pass through 5–8 instars, influenced by
temperatures. Then they form pupae
within silken cocoons. During winter
the full grown larvae bore into the lower parts of plants or the roots to
hibernate utill spring. Several overlapping generations are raised
during the season, the populations peaking in late summer. A female can lay 400-700 eggs, but then
lives only for a few days. At 30-35°C a life cycle is completed in 3-4 weeks. The larvae damage maize, rice and
sugar cane and often girdle their stalks and stems, which results in breakage
of the upper plant parts. In severe
infestations every plant in the field can be infested. The importance of this pest to maize has
declined since the 1970s in Israel, due to increases in the area planted to
sweet corn, which the moth avoids. In
Egypt it is a major pest of sugar cane, affecting up to 15% of the crop, and
is the most serious pest of rice in the Nile Delta. REFERENCES: Abbas, M. S., A. H.
El-Heneidy, S. L. El-Sherif & M.
M. Imbaby. 1988. On utilization of Trichogramma evanescens West. to control
the lesser sugar-cane borer, Chilo agamemnon Bles. in sugar cane
fields in Egypt. 1- Pilot studies.
Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypte, Econ. Ser. 17:
47-62. Abbas, M. S., A. H.
El-Heneidy, M. M. Imbaby & M. A. Ewase.
1989. On
utilization of Trichogramma evanescens
West. to control the lesser
sugar-cane borer, Chilo agamemnon
Bles. in sugar cane fields in Egypt.
3- Three-wave release technique.
Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypte, Proc.1st Inter. Conf. Econ. Ent.
11: 87-92. Awadallah, W. H.,
M. A. Mohamed, A. Z.
Abdelwahab & A. M. Soliman. 1982.
Southward spread of Chilo agamemnon
Bles, on sugarcane in Egypt. Agric.
Res. Rev. 58: 97-105. Błeszyński S.
1962. Studies on the Crambidae
(Lepidoptera). Part 36. On some species of the genus Chilo Zincken. - Acta Zoologica
Cracoviensia 7 (7): 107-133. Capinera, John L. editor.
2008. Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Verlag, August 2008. El-Heneidy, A. H.,
M. S. Abbas & M. M. Imbaby. 1989. On
utilization of Trichogramma evanescens West. to control
the lesser sugar cane borer, Chilo
agamemnon Bles. in sugar cane fields in Egypt. 2- Proper technique
and number of releases. Arab. Jour.
of Plant Protection, vol. 7 (2):
153-158 El-Heneidy, A. H.,
M. S. Abbas, M. M. Imbaby &
M. A. Ewase. 1990. Observations on the parasitism of Chilo agamemnon Bles. egg-masses by Trichogramma
evanescens West. in sugar cane ratoons. Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypte, Econ. Ser. 18: 1-8. El-Heneidy, A. H., M. S. Abbas, M. M. Imbaby &
M. A. Ewase. 1991. Utilization of Trichogramma evanescens West. to control the lesser
sugar- cane borer, Chilo agamemnon Bles. in sugar cane
fields in Egypt. 5- An Approach Towards Large Scale Release. 3rd Inter.
Symposium "Trichogramma
and other egg parasitoids", San Antonio (TX, USA), Sept. 23-27,
1990. Ed. INRA, Paris, 1991 (Les
Colloques 56: 187-189). El=Sheikh, Kafr. 1988. Cultural control of the rice stem borer, Chilo agamemon Bleszynski (Lepidoptera:
Crambidae) hibernating in rice stubbles.
Proc. 3rd Egyptian Conf. Agron. September 5-7 (1): 205-210. Hafez, Mahmoud & Hosni Salama.
2009. On the biology of the
born borer Chilo agamemon Bles.
(Lepidoptera, Crambidae). J. Applied
Entomology 67 (1-4): 256-261. Isa
A. L. & W. H. Awadallah.
1972. A new record of
sugar-cane infestation with Chilo
agamemnon Bles. at the Southern part of Assiut and Suhag
Governorates. Agric. Res. Rev. 50:
49–50. Khan, Z.
R.; et al. 1991. World Bibliography of Rice Stem
Borers: 1794-1990. International Rice Research Institute. ISBN 971-22-0015-9. Kira M. T. & H.
El-Sherif. 1974. Estimation of losses in cane and sugar
yields caused by Chilo agamemnon
Bles. infestation (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).
Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypt
57: 271–277. Melamed-Madjar,
V. 1990. Status of Chilo agamemnon
Bles. in Israel and the Probable Reasons for the Decrease in Its
Populations. Int J Trop Insect Sci
ence 11: 541–545. Rivnay
E. 1967. A contribution to the maize borer, Chilo agamemnon Bleszynski, in Israel. Israel J.
Entomol. 2: 15–27. Rivnay E. 1963.
Present status of lepidopterous pests of maize and other graminaceous
crops in Israel. Plant Prot. Bull. FAO
11: 3. Savela,
Markku. 1817. Chilo Zincken,
Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. November 27, 2017. |
